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BR – Core rules of EN 16931

BR-16: invoice without an invoice line (BG-25)

ErrorEN 16931 business rule (CEN)

Official message

[BR-16]-An Invoice shall have at least one Invoice line (BG-25)

Source: CEN EN 16931, version 1.3.16

What the message means

The invoice contains not a single line. An electronic invoice must have at least one line with quantity, price and amount, even when only a flat fee or a prepayment is charged. A bare total without a line cannot be verified by the recipient, and the norm's sum rules cannot be applied. The invoice is rejected.

Common causes

  • A prepayment or flat-fee invoice was produced with totals only, without a line.
  • The lines are in an attachment or in free text instead of InvoiceLine elements.
  • The export filtered the lines out, for instance because their amount is 0.

How to fix it

Create at least one InvoiceLine (CII: IncludedSupplyChainTradeLineItem) with identifier, quantity, net amount, item name and price. For a flat fee a single line with quantity 1 and the total amount is the usual form.

Before – invalid
<ubl:Invoice>
  <cbc:ID>RE-2026-0142</cbc:ID>
  <cac:LegalMonetaryTotal>
    <cbc:PayableAmount currencyID="EUR">1190.00</cbc:PayableAmount>
  </cac:LegalMonetaryTotal>
</ubl:Invoice>
After – corrected
<ubl:Invoice>
  <cbc:ID>RE-2026-0142</cbc:ID>
  <cac:LegalMonetaryTotal>
    <cbc:PayableAmount currencyID="EUR">1190.00</cbc:PayableAmount>
  </cac:LegalMonetaryTotal>
  <cac:InvoiceLine>
    <cbc:ID>1</cbc:ID>
    <cbc:InvoicedQuantity unitCode="C62">1</cbc:InvoicedQuantity>
    <cbc:LineExtensionAmount currencyID="EUR">1000.00</cbc:LineExtensionAmount>
    <cac:Item><cbc:Name>Consulting flat fee, September 2026</cbc:Name></cac:Item>
    <cac:Price><cbc:PriceAmount currencyID="EUR">1000.00</cbc:PriceAmount></cac:Price>
  </cac:InvoiceLine>
</ubl:Invoice>

Frequently asked

How do I express a prepayment or a flat fee as a line?

As one line with quantity 1, unit C62 (piece) and the amount as the price. Describe the service in the item name, for example "Prepayment project X".

May a line have an amount of 0?

Yes. Zero-amount lines are allowed, for example for free extras. They count as a line and satisfy BR-16.

Fields concerned

  • BG-25

Related rules

  • BR-21
  • BR-22
  • BR-23

Check your invoice

The EN 16931 validator reports this rule with the line number and location – right in your browser, without upload.

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Technical details
UBL · Context (XPath)
/ubl:Invoice | /cn:CreditNote
UBL · Schematron test
exists(cac:InvoiceLine) or exists(cac:CreditNoteLine)
CII · Context (XPath)
/rsm:CrossIndustryInvoice
CII · Schematron test
//ram:IncludedSupplyChainTradeLineItem

Explanation written on 13 September 2026