BR – Core rules of EN 16931
BR-16: invoice without an invoice line (BG-25)
ErrorEN 16931 business rule (CEN)
Official message
[BR-16]-An Invoice shall have at least one Invoice line (BG-25)Source: CEN EN 16931, version 1.3.16
What the message means
The invoice contains not a single line. An electronic invoice must have at least one line with quantity, price and amount, even when only a flat fee or a prepayment is charged. A bare total without a line cannot be verified by the recipient, and the norm's sum rules cannot be applied. The invoice is rejected.
Common causes
- A prepayment or flat-fee invoice was produced with totals only, without a line.
- The lines are in an attachment or in free text instead of InvoiceLine elements.
- The export filtered the lines out, for instance because their amount is 0.
How to fix it
Create at least one InvoiceLine (CII: IncludedSupplyChainTradeLineItem) with identifier, quantity, net amount, item name and price. For a flat fee a single line with quantity 1 and the total amount is the usual form.
<ubl:Invoice>
<cbc:ID>RE-2026-0142</cbc:ID>
<cac:LegalMonetaryTotal>
<cbc:PayableAmount currencyID="EUR">1190.00</cbc:PayableAmount>
</cac:LegalMonetaryTotal>
</ubl:Invoice><ubl:Invoice>
<cbc:ID>RE-2026-0142</cbc:ID>
<cac:LegalMonetaryTotal>
<cbc:PayableAmount currencyID="EUR">1190.00</cbc:PayableAmount>
</cac:LegalMonetaryTotal>
<cac:InvoiceLine>
<cbc:ID>1</cbc:ID>
<cbc:InvoicedQuantity unitCode="C62">1</cbc:InvoicedQuantity>
<cbc:LineExtensionAmount currencyID="EUR">1000.00</cbc:LineExtensionAmount>
<cac:Item><cbc:Name>Consulting flat fee, September 2026</cbc:Name></cac:Item>
<cac:Price><cbc:PriceAmount currencyID="EUR">1000.00</cbc:PriceAmount></cac:Price>
</cac:InvoiceLine>
</ubl:Invoice>Frequently asked
How do I express a prepayment or a flat fee as a line?
As one line with quantity 1, unit C62 (piece) and the amount as the price. Describe the service in the item name, for example "Prepayment project X".
May a line have an amount of 0?
Yes. Zero-amount lines are allowed, for example for free extras. They count as a line and satisfy BR-16.
Fields concerned
- BG-25
Related rules
- BR-21
- BR-22
- BR-23
Check your invoice
The EN 16931 validator reports this rule with the line number and location – right in your browser, without upload.
Technical details
- UBL · Context (XPath)
/ubl:Invoice | /cn:CreditNote- UBL · Schematron test
exists(cac:InvoiceLine) or exists(cac:CreditNoteLine)- CII · Context (XPath)
/rsm:CrossIndustryInvoice- CII · Schematron test
//ram:IncludedSupplyChainTradeLineItem
Explanation written on 13 September 2026